These controversies concerning the relationships amid citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs could be because of the ways that OCBs are measured. From the literature, OCBs have generally been described as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.2). Other-rated measurements are struggling to determine the behavioural motivations underlying OCBs1,11. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4